Person Page - 293

     Martha Gough / Goff was born a 1667. She married Thomas Kendall a 1687.

     William Underwood (known as junior) was born a 1651. He was the son of Unknown Underwood (1st h/o Eliza) and Elizabeth "Eliza" Butler ?

      William Underwood junior born 1652-1662, son of Elizabeth and Unknown Underwood was distinguishable in the 1690s by his mark of "OU." He either disappeared from the records before 1710 or became lost within the meleè of William Underwoods in Old Rappahannock Co, VA. His last known appearance was in the records of Richmond Co, VA.

     Mary Underwood was born a 1652. She was the daughter of COL William Underwood I (2nd h/o Eliza) and Elizabeth "Eliza" Butler ? Mary Underwood married Richard Tutt a 1672.

     Richard Tutt was born a 1647. He married Mary Underwood, daughter of COL William Underwood I (2nd h/o Eliza) and Elizabeth "Eliza" Butler ?, a 1672.

     Mary Butler was born a 1650. She was the daughter of Unknown Butler. Mary Butler married William Underwood (known as senior), son of COL William Underwood I (2nd h/o Eliza) and Mary Moseley ? Burton ?, a 1673.

     Unknown Underwood was born a 1596.

     Elizabeth Underwood was born a 1635. She was the daughter of Unknown Underwood. Elizabeth Underwood married James Taylor a 1655. Elizabeth Underwood married Francis Slaughter a 1660. Elizabeth Underwood married John Catlett a 1665. Elizabeth Underwood married Rev Amory Butler, son of Unknown Butler, c 1671.

     Rev Amory Butler was born a 1646. He was the son of Unknown Butler. Rev Amory Butler married Elizabeth Underwood, daughter of Unknown Underwood, c 1671.

     Unknown Butler was born a 1621.

     John Combs was born c 1738 at Overwharton Parish ?, Stafford Co, Virginia. He was the son of Mason Combs I and Sarah (Unknown). John Combs married Nancy Harding b 1755 at Frederick Co, Virginia ?. John Combs died c 1820 at Floyd Co, Kentucky ?.

      The Overwharton Parish Register in Stafford Co, VA was not kept fully until beginning in 1738, thus John does not appear in the register with the births of his siblings.

     Sitha "Seth" Stacy was born a 1745. She was the daughter of Simon Stacey and Judith Tolson. Sitha "Seth" Stacy married William Combs, son of Mason Combs I and Sarah (Unknown), a 1765 at Frederick Co, Virginia ?.

     Benjamin Stacy was born a 1747. He was the son of Simon Stacey and Judith Tolson. Benjamin Stacy married Anne Combs, daughter of Mason Combs I and Sarah (Unknown), a 1762.

     Simon Stacey was born a 1719. He married Judith Tolson a 1744.

     Judith Tolson was born a 1724. She married Simon Stacey a 1744.

     William Ridge was born a 1745. He married Winnifred "Winny" Combs, daughter of Mason Combs I and Sarah (Unknown), b 1770.

     Nathan Allen was born a 1759. He married Winnifred "Winny" Combs, daughter of Mason Combs I and Sarah (Unknown), in Dec 1784.

     Nancy Harding was born a 1730. She married John Combs, son of Mason Combs I and Sarah (Unknown), b 1755 at Frederick Co, Virginia ?.

     John Combe I was born c 1560 at England ? He married Margaret Archdale, daughter of Thomas Archdale and Mary Clifton, on 11 Dec 1587 at Saint Antholin Budge Row, London, England. John Combe I died in Sep 1610 at London, England. He was buried on 7 Sep 1610 at Saint Mary the Virgin Aldermanbury, London, England.

      The first record of John Combe, born circa 1560, was on 15 Jul 1583 when he was "admitted to freedom" of the City of London by the Court of Common Council by virtue of completion of his apprenticeship as a Draper, a cloth and dry goods seller, to one Thomas Pullison. The importance of John's "admission to freedom" as a citizen of the City of London cannot be overstated; not having one's freedom meant being the "property of feudal lords” and unable to do business in the City.

This apprenticeship record provided the basis for John's estimated 1560 birth year, based on the usual Drapers' apprenticeship age being about 15 years and the usual apprenticeship length being about 8 years. Two earlier Combe drapers were in the records of the Drapers Company [Guild]: Thomas Combes, gent, who was admitted to freedom in 1506, and Robert Combes who was apprenticed in 1558 to Robardes Agnes (known also as Robert Aguelt) and admitted to freedom in Oct 1567. Use of age 15 and a term of 8 years is based on records collected for other Combs and Combs-associated Drapers, but in fact the minimum age of an apprentice was 14 years and the maximum 20. Moreover, though often ignored, the legal minimum age for admission to freedom was 24. Thus, although an extreme example, John could not have been born later than 1562, but could have been born substantially earlier; i.e., if he was age 20 when bound as an apprentice, and his term of apprenticeship 10 years, his year of birth would have been 1553. (Freedom of the City: What it Meant to our London Ancestors, http://www.combs-families.org/combs/records/england/lnd/freedom.htm)

John was probably apprenticed to Thomas Pullison about 1575. Nothing is known of his activities during the years of his apprenticeship, but apprenticeship agreements generally included food, clothing and housing, and apprentices normally either lived with their masters or in housing provided by their masters. The Pullison household was undoubtedly active socially as well as commercially given that Thomas Pullison was an Alderman by no later than 1581, the Sherriff of London in 1582 and Lord Mayor of London in 1583, the same year John attained his freedom. John quite possibly resided in St Antholin Budge Row Parish, where the Pullison family is of record during the period 1551-1572 and possibly much longer. Of note, also living in St Antholin Parish at this time was Thomas Archdale, who was first recorded in the parish in 1568, also a Draper, and the father of John's bride-to-be Margaret Archdale

Although termed in some records John Combe, Merchant, and in others as John Combe, Draper, these designations were not mutually exclusive nor conflicting descriptions. Merchant was simply a broader description than Draper.

By the following year in 1584 John entered the hemisphere of international trade, his investments in a number of "adventures" documented by his application to the Lord Secretary for admission to the Levant Company. With a charter approved by Queen Elizabeth I, the Levant Company was formed in 1592 to regulate English trade with Turkey and the Levant – a large area in the eastern Mediterranean including all of the eastern Mediterranean islands and the countries along the eastern Mediterranean shores extending from Greece counterclockwise to eastern Libya. The Company controlled trade in the region until 1825; a member of the Company was known as a Turkey Merchant.

In his application to the Levant Company John mentioned trading in Spain, Portugal, Flanders, the Barbary Coast, and that he had "adventured to sundrie places within the straights ever since October 1584 and 85 as to Marsalles [Marseille, France] to Lingee [?] and to Napels and to Venice [Italy]…," adding that "…for voyages I have shipped goodes before by sea and overland and the ways of the Gambonne[?] .... since the 10th day of December 1586.…" The price of an apprenticeship, shipping investments such as these, and the lease to a house jointly owned by John and his partner who by 1587 was Thomas Farringdon were insignificant, a strong indication John's family was likely well-to-do. (Application for admission to the Levant Company. Calender of State Papers, Domestic Series, the reign of Elizabeth, 1591- 1594, PRO, HMSO, 1867. London. p. 53-55) and (Thomas Taylor vs. Thomas Faringdon and John Combe, Court of Requests PRO REQ2/276/15; folio 3, Combs &c. report for the Drapers Company).

Four years after becoming a freeman and draper, on 11 Dec 1587 "John Combs, Merchant," married Margaret Archdale, their marriage recorded in the parish and recorded again in 1633/4 in the Harleian Visitations of London, Archdale Family, which also further documented Margaret's ancestry. Margaret probably lived in St Antholin since birth, her parents having married there and she having been christened there. [LDS FHC IGI Extracted Parish Records of St. Antholin Bidge Row 1534-1754] Whether the relationship between the Archdale and Combe families was long-standing is unknown, but John would have known his father-in-law Thomas Archdale through the Drapers Company.

In Oct 1588 John "voyuoged by sea…." a few months after the May 1588 defeat of the Spanish Armada. John's statement about his sea voyage is in the same declaration in which he applied for admission to the Levant Company.

The reason for the 10 year gap – 1590 to 1600 – during which no children were christened in John's family is unknown. John and Margaret possibly had other children during this period who were christened elsewhere. If so, however, they were presumably daughters because John's son John born in 1602 was later documented as the eldest of their three living sons.

The Drapers Company archives had no records for John in during the period 1590-1595, although he was in London during at least part of this time because during 1591-1594 he applied for admission to the Levant Company.

In 1596 the London Court of Orphan Recognizances included two entries for John Combe as recognitor, with his father-in-law Thomas Archdale and Thomas' brother Matthew serving as John's suretors in the first instance, and Matthew Archdale and William and Robert Palmer in the second (probably John's brother-in-law William and William's brother Robert.) In 1598, John was suretor (for whom is not known) again with Matthew Archdale and Robert and William Palmer. This court process ensured pledges to back John as the guardian of the orphan(s) affairs.

In 1598 John entered the livery of the Drapers Company, having paid "livery wan to the Queen," as did his father-in-law Thomas Archdale and Thomas' brother Matthew Archdale, thus paving the way toward John's eventually becoming a Councilman of the London Court of Common Council.Only those who wore the "livery" -- uniform and customary clothing -- of their Company were eligible to hold office as a Common Councilman or Alderman.

The year 1598 was also when John Combe and his partner Thomas Faringdon were sued by Thomas Taylor who alleged they stole wine that was stored in a house leased by them to him. Faringdon deposed he and John Combe had owned the "lease of a howse called the Ship in the Bill," which had been assigned to one Thomas Taylor about 1587 and then leased in 1596/7 to Henry Frythe, a vinter of London. John Combe, clearly concerned about his good name, also made a deposition in 1598, declaring that "....as he the sauid John Combe th'other defendent by and for himselfe saith that he for his parte never intended or joyned with the said Thomas Farington th'other of his defendent in anie unconscionable or crewell practice or prcidings tending to th'undoing on the same Complainant As he the said Compainant supposedly with has, or hath he the saide John Combe at anie time bin privie to anie such unscionable practice or precedings, as he the said Complainant surmiseth neither did or hath he the said John Combe meddles or joyned in anie dealings or matters with the saide Thomas Farington with any way concerned him the saide Complaynant otherwise then as being Apton(?) with the said Farington...." The specific location of the Ship in the Bill has not yet been determined. (Thomas Taylor vs. Thomas Faringdon and John Combe, Court of Requests PRO REQ2/276/15; folio 3.)

John was also recorded as having paid his livery fees for the years 1604 through 1606, and it is in this latter year he was first elected Warden of St Mary the Virgin Aldermanbury, serving as an auditor of the Church Warden Accounts and assigned to three committees.

On 3 Jan 1605/6 John took his first known apprentice "kinsman" Ellis Combe, who when he applied for his own admission to freedom in 1616 declared he had apprenticed to John Combe "a merchant in Aldermanbury 7 years at his house." In 1606(?) John became a member of the Court of Assistants, a governing body of the Drapers Company, and in 1607(?) was appointed a Commissioner of the Court of Policies of Assurance.

On 7 Apr 1609 at an historic meeting of the Court of Assistants of the Drapers Company, it was noted a precept had been received from the Lord Mayor "asking for participation in the plantation in Virginia.” The second Virginia charter allowed English merchant companies and individuals to invest in the colonization effort, and the Draper Company was included in the 23 May 1609 Virginia Company charter. The Assistants voted to "adventure" 150 pounds to be "paid to Sir Thomas Smyth and that a bill of adventure for the 150 pounds shall be taken under the seal of the Company." The 1608/9 Warden Accounts of the Company further indicated John Combe was one of ten men who personally invested five pounds each to be "adventured in the voyage for the plantation in Virginia…" "Adventurers wch adventured wth the house and not in their owne names but included in the same as on the side of this leafe: Mr John Coombe...." specified Drapers by name who added their support by paying monies toward the venture. John's name does not appear in the Jamestowne records because the official Virginia Company Records by Kingsbury only state the Draper’s Company as supporting the adventure with no specific names included. Apparently no one has attempted to enter the Jamestowne Society utilizing this Combes information.

John continued to appear regularly in the records of the Drapers Company until his death in 1610, by which time he had been elected a "Common counsell man" or alderman by the citizens of his ward: "Mr Jhon Combe merchant and a Common counsell" was buried in the churchyard at St. Mary the Virgin Aldermanbury on 7 Sep 1610. That same month, administration of the estate of "Jn. Coombe of St. M. Aldermanbury, London" was granted to "Magt. Coombe, his relict." John may have owned property in Edmonton, Middlesex.

Almost nothing is known about the life of John's family during the next few years. Margaret and her three young sons apparently remained in Aldermanbury, along with cousin Ellis and possibly even her father. Presumably, they lived comfortably; parish records referenced the burials of two Combes family servants and the 1629 will of son William included bequests to two more of his mother's servants.

In Nov 1611 Margaret's father died and less than five years later she was also dead. Administration of her estate was granted in Sep 1616 to her sister Barbara for the duration of the "minority of Jn., Wm. and Archdale Coombe, vice Mgt. Coombe, dec'd.” (Extracted from " The Index Library -- Index to Administrations in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury and now Preserved in the Principal Probate Registry Somerset House, London" Vol V, 1609-1619, editor Marc Fitch, The British Record Society, 1968; analyzed by Combs researchers Denise Mortorff and Joe Kendalll) The three Combe boys apparently resided with their Aunt Barbara following their mother's death. In Jan 1617 John's apprentice Ellis Combe applied for his admission to freedom, overdue by three years perhaps because of John's death, and by August Ellis had married Judith Bargar. In 1619 John matriculated at Trinity College, Oxford University, followed by his brother William in 1620, and brother Archdale in 1623.

The ancestry of John Combe is unknown. John, who was born circa 1560, was not the son of Richard Combe of Combe Manor, Devonshire because Richard Combe's son John was born on 10 Mar 1667 and died in 1619 (FamilySearch.Org, temple record, film no. 1903896, and AFN: 4HP1-TR, original source unknown.) No christening records have been located for either John or his documented relatives Ellis, Robert, John and Susan Combe, or for his possible sister Chrian (Combe?) Langworth. Both Susan Combe and Chrian (Combe?) Langworth have ties to Devon, Susan having married John Tylly in the Willand, Devonshire on 22 Dec 1614, and Chrian Langworth (mother of Margarett) having been of "Devonsheire" in 1629. Ellis Combe was termed "my kinsman" in the 1629 will of John's son William Combe of Orion College, Oxford University, Oxfordshire. The 1633 will of Ellis Combe of St. Mary the Virgin, Aldermanbury, London names brothers Robert and John, and "sister Suzan the wife of John Tilly." John Tylly and Susan Combe married 22 Dec 1614 in Willand, Devonshire. The will of William Combe also includes a bequest to "my aunte Chrian Landworth livinge in Devonsheire" and her daughter Margarett. Chrian (Christian? Christine?) was apparently not an Archdale, thus possibly a Combe and sister of John. No record of a Combe-Langworth marriage has been found, nor any record of the birth of Chrian (or var. spelling) Combe that might fit the probable time frames.

Seeing some of the key elements of the Combs-Coombs Research Project online is essential to understanding the choices this researcher made in including data and making decisions regarding the Combs family. Key is the Research Project's analysts provided proof in their many, many online reports and explained why and how they made decisions when sources conflicted. Because of the extremely well researched data in the Research Project, this researcher has by choice disregarded other unsourced data online.

Detailed sources:
--Combs-Coombs Research Project, John Combe and Margaret Archdale, http://www.combs-families.org/combs/families/c-j-arch.htm.
--The parish registers of St. Antholin, Budge Row, London, containing the marriages, baptisms, and burials from 1538 to 1754;
by Chester, Joseph Lemuel, 1821-1882, [from old catalog] ed; Armytage, George J. (George John), Sir, 1842-1918, ed; London, pubished 1883, https://archive.org/details/parishregisters02pargoog and https://covers.openlibrary.org/b/id/7210435-L.jpg.

     Elizabeth Lovett was born in Apr 1614 at Wotton Underwood, Buckinghamshire, England. She was the daughter of Sir Robert Lovett I and Anne (Unknown). Elizabeth Lovett was christened on 3 Apr 1614 at Wotton Underwood, Buckinghamshire. She married John Combe II, son of John Combe I and Margaret Archdale, on 8 Jul 1630 at Soulbury, Buckinghamshire, England. Elizabeth Lovett died a 1656 at Oxfordshire ?, England.

     Sir Robert Lovett I was born in 1577. He was the son of Francis Lovett and Anne Crispe. Sir Robert Lovett I married Susan Brooke, daughter of Richard Brookes and Unknown Pate, a 1603 at England. Sir Robert Lovett I married Anne (Unknown) a 1613. Sir Robert Lovett I died in Sep 1643 at Sparsholt, Berkshire, England. He was buried on 14 Sep 1643 at Sparsholt, Berkshire.

      Sir Robert Lovett of Liscombe, Soulbury, Buckinghamshire was admitted to the Middle Temple on 16 Apr 1600. The Honourable Society of the Middle Temple, commonly known simply as Middle Temple, was one of the four Inns of Court in London exclusively entitled to call their members to the English Bar as barristers. As such, all barristers had to belong to one such association. Where he received his earlier education is unknown; no record was found for him at Oxford or Cambridge Universities.

Sir Robert was knighted on 22 Nov 1606 (Visitations of Bucks) and in 1608 was the High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire. According to the Lovett Memorials, when he died Sir Robert was on his way home to LisCombe, Soulbury, Buckinghamshire from Tawstock, Devonshire – home of his son Edward Lovett and daughter Mary Lovett Downe; no source was given for this statement.

The identity and ancestry of the wives and children of Sir Robert Lovett of Liscombe are not yet fully documented. Primary sources were parish records, Harleian Visitations and various published lineages, histories and memorials as noted in the Combs-Coombs Research Project. The estimated birth and marriage years of some of Sir Robert's children may be incorrect due to errors in the published Bucks Visitations source.


Detailed sources:
--R. J. Arden Lovett, Ecclesiastical Memorials of the Lovett Family, E. Van de Water, printer; Osten, Belgium; 1897; No copyright; transcribed by Combs Project Researcher Denise Mortorff
–Combs-Coombs Research Project, Sir Robert Lovett, http://www.combs-families.org/combs/assoc/lovett/robert.htm.

     Christopher Lovett was born in Apr 1630 at Soulbury, Buckinghamshire, England. He was the son of Sir Robert Lovett I. Christopher Lovett was christened on 11 Apr 1630 at Soulbury, Buckinghamshire. He married Frances Moore on 7 May 1657 at Saint John the Evangelist, Dublin, Ireland. Christopher Lovett died in 1679 at Dublin, Ireland. He was buried on 2 Mar 1679/80.

      The Lovett Memorials correctly refer to Christopher as the "5th son of Robert Lovett, of Liscombe Bucks" even though they do not include eldest son, John. The Visitations of Bucks state that Christopher married daughter (unnamed) of "Piered Moore of ye quens Count in Ireland." The Lovett Memorials state Christopher married Frances, "daughter of Roger O'More, Prince of Leix, by his wife, a daughter of O'Reilley, Prince of Brefney." Burke states Christopher's wife, "Frances O'More was daughter and heiress of Roger O'MORE, the descendant and representative of the great family of the O'MORES, Princes of Leix, who great estates had been forfeited in the reign of Elizabeth." The History of Buckinghamshire states "Christopher Lovett, Esq. Sheriff and Lord Mayor of Dublin married Frances, dau. of Prizad O'More, of Ireland." The marriage record lists her as Frances Moore, which may have simply been the customary anglicization practiced by the English in Ireland.

Christopher may have been the namesake of an earlier Christopher of Chesham, Buckinghamshire whose relationship if any to Sir Robert remains unknown (See Drapers). On 8 Jul 1646, Christopher, son of "Robert of Liscombe Bucks mil dec," was apprenticed as a Draper by "Dna Ana Lovell" [sic] to Robert Mowlsworth (Molesworth) whose will is lost, but is indexed in Dublin for the year 1656. Robert Mowlsworth was deeply involved in the Irish wars and adventures, and Christopher may have soldiered in Ireland during his apprenticeship, as he was apparently the same man who was granted land in Kilkenny, Ireland. Mowlsworth apparently transferred Christopher's apprenticeship since Roger Lambert is listed as his second "master" when he attained his freedman status as a citizen of London on 15 Mar 1653. By 1655 he was in Dublin where he was apparently residing on 10 Apr 1656 when his nephew Archdale Combe, son of John Combe and his wife Elizabeth Lovett, was apprenticed to him for eight years.

According to Burke, Christopher Lovett "at the time of the Restoration [May 1660], was settled in Turkey as a merchant, but removed in 1660, to Dublin, of which city he became sheriff and lord mayor." It is possible Christopher resided in Turkey between 1659 and 1661, but he was in Dublin in May 1657 when he married, and on 18 Apr 1658 his eldest son Christopher was baptised there at St John the Evangelist. In 1662 Christopher is recorded by the Drapers as paying quarterage in Dublin and in 1663 his daughter Elizabeth was also baptised at St. John's. In 1664 his daughter Mary was baptised at St John's, but from then until 1670, when his son Francis was baptised, there is no further record of him. In 1673 a daughter Hana was baptised at St John's, followed by Rebeckah in 1674, Arable [Arabella] in 1676 and Edward in 1678.

Christopher was Lord Mayor of Dublin in 1676-7. In 1677 "Alderman Christopher Lovett" leased a linen factory at Chapelizod, a village near Dublin. He was also referred to in Ulster records for 1679 as "Christopher Lovett, Alderman of Dublin." Christopher apparently died in Dublin in 1679, the year given in the Dublin Archives index to wills (will not extant) under "Christopher Lovett, deceased 1679."

     Samuel Kendall was born a 1688. He was the son of Thomas Kendall and Martha Gough / Goff.

     Unknown Underwood (1st h/o Eliza) was born a 1625. He married Elizabeth "Eliza" Butler ? a 1650.

     Mary Moseley ? Burton ? was born a 1627. She married COL William Underwood I (2nd h/o Eliza), son of Unknown Underwood, a 1647.

     William Underwood (known as senior) was born c 1648. He was the son of COL William Underwood I (2nd h/o Eliza) and Mary Moseley ? Burton ? William Underwood (known as senior) married Mary Butler, daughter of Unknown Butler, a 1673.

     Charles ? Combs was born a 1667. He was the son of Archdale Combe and Elizabeth "Eliza" Butler ?

     John Catlett was born a 1640. He married Elizabeth Underwood, daughter of Unknown Underwood, a 1665.

     Francis Slaughter was born a 1635. He married Elizabeth Underwood, daughter of Unknown Underwood, a 1660.

     James Taylor was born a 1630. He married Elizabeth Underwood, daughter of Unknown Underwood, a 1655.

     Mary (Unknown) was born a 1670. She married William Combs, son of Archdale Combe and Elizabeth "Eliza" Butler ?, a 1690.